https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/ad-channel-combinations 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/ad-channel-combinations.png Advertising channel combinations across the cohort Each company is counted once, under the channels where we found its ads. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/bannerless-tracking-share 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/bannerless-tracking-share.png Share of tracking sites without a consent banner Gauge showing that 44.3% of sites using tracking technologies did not show a consent banner. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/company-size-swarm 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/company-size-swarm.png Employee-count distributions for European and American companies This comparison is based on reported employee counts for study companies and accepted direct competitors in Europe and the United States. Each dot is one company; companies without a reported count are not shown. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/competition-balance 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/competition-balance.png European and United States competitor shares by product vertical Categories are ordered from the largest US proportion to the largest European proportion. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/consent-journeys 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/consent-journeys.png Consent journeys and tracker activation The chart shows whether each website contacted a known tracking domain before the visitor responded. It also shows whether the website contacted a new one after acceptance. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/country-distribution 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/country-distribution.png European countries represented in the study This map is based on the country recorded for each of the 2,357 companies in the final study group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/data-system-score-traffic 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/data-system-score-traffic.png Data system score compared with estimated traffic Points are horizontally jittered; DS scores themselves are discrete. The 1,116 sites produce 83 unique scores: 37.2% score exactly 40, and 80.6% occupy the ten most common scores. Traffic is shown as log10(1 + estimated traffic), preserving all 211 zero-traffic sites. Spearman ρ = -0.026: higher-traffic sites do not appear to have better or worse DS scores. The published chart data contains only true DS score and rounded log-transformed traffic—no company names, domains, labels or hover data. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/disclosure-gap 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/disclosure-gap.png Privacy policy disclosure gap by tool Not one of the ten tools appeared in most privacy policies. Even Google Analytics, which was named most often, was missing more often than it was mentioned. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/founding-year-traffic 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/founding-year-traffic.png Company founding year compared with estimated organic traffic This comparison is based on 1,897 companies for which Apollo reported a founding year, compared with Ahrefs’ estimate of monthly organic traffic. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/processing-and-location 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/processing-and-location.png Whether customer data can stay in the EU Each cell represents one of the 361 tools reviewed. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/supplier-terms 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/supplier-terms.png Supplier terms for secondary use of customer data Tools whose terms gave no clear answer are not included in the bars. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/tool-combinations-upset 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/tool-combinations-upset.png 15 most common combinations of visible customer-data tools The top bars show how often each combination was found. The left bars show how many websites had each tool. Connected dots show which tools make up each combination. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/tool-count-distribution 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/tool-count-distribution.png Distribution of visible customer-data tools per company The final bar groups websites with ten or more tools. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/trade-balance-observations 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/trade-balance-observations.png Customer-data tool detections across company websites A tool is counted once for each website where it was found, so one website can contribute several observations. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://convex.works/research/b2b-eu-data-systems/figures/website-tag-alignment 2026-08-07 yearly 0.6 https://convex.works/data-study/figures/website-tag-alignment.png Advertising-result and website-tag overlap by channel Website tags and ads often appeared separately on all three platforms. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/